Checklists category II: Living Fossils and Mistaken "Extinctions"
Heuvelmans
B. Giants
1. Nyalmo,
1b. Oriental extensions of the same, and
1c. Bigfoot, all presumably one species and presumably Gigantopithecus
C. Possible Australopithecines in Africa
2. Possible larger/robust Australopith
3. Possible smaller/gracile Australopith, both vaguely defined
D.Dryopithecines
4. Kra-Dhan, Yeren and Yeti
5. Coleman's North American native ape
6. Similar to the last but in Central and South America
E. Lower Mammals
7. Steller's sea cows
8. Possible mammoths in Siberia (more recent allegations closer to the steppe border of Central Asia)
9 Possible mammoths/mastodons in and Alaska, formerly possibly also further south (Colonial times?)
10. large lemurs of Madagascar (three or more distinct forms)
11.African saber-tooths
12. Possible South American ditto, Heuvelmans suggests a possible marsupial form
13. The purported Short-faced bear Vetularctos
14. Thunderbird as probable Teratornis
15. Patagonian giant ground sloths
16.Australian diprotodons (Heuvelmans mixes several candidates in this entry)
17. New Guinea possible ditto.
18.South American bears
18. Climatoceras an Egyptian giraffid (not deer)
F. Others
19. Roa-roa, a small moa.
20a.Possible Plesiosaurs/sauropods of Malaysia and Indonesia
20b. possible Central African same (Mokele-mBembe, etc)
20c. possible South American same ("Iguanodon" invalidated)
21. Marine saurian #1, oceanic crocodylian, possibly thallatosuchan
(possibilty of ordinary croc not counted but more likely)
22. Marine saurian#2, mosasaurian
23a.Varanus prisca , possibly in New Guinea
23b Varanus prisca, possibly in Australia (terrestrial)
23c. Varanus prisca, possibly in Australia (amphibious) (obviously,
three different listings not needed)
Shuker
1. Carcharodon megalodon giant great white shark
2. South American "water-tigers" (duplicate entry of Heuvelmans?)
3. Kamchitka short-faced bear Irukiem
4. Veo, a giant pangolin
5. Bornean tapir "Tigelboat"
6. Waheela, a puported North American beardog, possibly only an aberrant canid
7. Giant vampire bats
8. Isnachi, assuming it to be the same as a fossil New World monkey
9. Marsupial "lion" (competing for slot of Australian "tiger")
10. Huia
11. Pterosaurians, including "thunderbird" variant reports
12. including Ropen of New Guinea area, with long tail, and
13. Duah, crested and like Pteranodon, both also reported further out into Pacific. Some of the reports are evidently based on leaping manta rays.
14. Dobar-Chu or Master-otter. A fossil forerunner candidate was subsequently identified. (Megalenhydris)
Later inclusions of possible great auks and dodos. several more
candidates also as "recently extinct"
Unknown animals ALREADY extinct at time of writing cannot be counted as being in the same category. There have been candidate names suggested for such a separate field of study such as "Eclipsozoology"
Heuvelmans feels; but does not indicate on his checklist; that the Minhocao of South America is actally a persisting Glyptodon. This is separately indicated as another category. Shuker disputes this placement, feeling it more likely a caecilian. He also later says that it has a shell on its back
Heuvelmans places lake monsters and long-necked sea serpents in his genus Megalotaria, calling it a long-necked sea lion. Shuker in Prehistoric Survivors disputes this, calling it a plesiosaur and I agree with Shuker. Others (including Costello and Coleman) equate the Merhorse also with the Long-neck, and the Huilla of Trinidad is obviously just another lake monster. This takes up five slots on Heuvelmans's checklist, which can also be lumped in with his three tropical "Plesiosaurs or dinosaurs" categories for a total conflation of at least eight original entries into only one.
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