The deer fauna of Hong
Kong may be somewhat more complicated than modern zoologists have
led us to believe. An early (i.e. c. 1910) Hong Kong wildlife book, possible by
Bunbury or Skertchly, I can`t quite remember , mention two species in the then
British colony, one the hog deer (Axis porcinus, type species India, Bengal) and
another,perhaps the muntjac there now. One of the species was at Castle Peak in
the western New
Territories.
In the 1860s, axis deer were introduced to the
island of Molokai, Hawaii, as a
gift from Hong Kong to King Kamehameha V.
Today the deer are found plentiful on Lanai, another of the Hawaiian Islands. The
Paniolos (cowboys) were instructed to lasso the deer from Molokai and to bring
them for shipping to Lanai. Hawaii wildlife officials
believe people have flown the deer via helicopter and transported them by boat
onto the island. (1)
According to Introduced Mammals of the World
`Axis deer `(Chital) from India have been introduced and established in the
Hawaiian islands (Gottschalk 1967; Tomich 1969.) In 1867, seven axis (three
males and four males) were shipped to the reigning monarch of Hawaii as a gift from his envoy in Japan.
Some of these came from the Upper Ganges River.India, but some died on the
voyage and were replaced at Hong Kong with
animals of unknown origin (2) [Emphasis my
own.]
In Martin Booth`s book `Gweilo: Memoirs of a
Hong Kong Childhood`(2004) small red deer are reported from southern Hong Kong
island. These we probably muntjacs. Jon told me on June 8th that
within the last 10 years some have come to believe that there are two species of
muntjac in Hong Kong, Reeves muntjac and the
Indian muntjac. This is interesting given the possible importation during the
days of the East India Company (1600-1874) of the axis deer (see above) or
Chital deer from India,Bangladesh,Sri
Lanka,Nepal or Bhutan to Hong
Kong sometime between the early 1840s and 1860s. This is my theory
anyway. The image is of a chital, found in the Hong
Kong newspaper The Star on July 29th 1977. There was a
small herd of the deer on Lantau island then. So was there a continual
population overlooked in Hong Kong for about
100 years?
This 1977 story mentioned a virus or “mysterious
disease which has owners [ of Ng Villa] Mr Luk Chi-wok and his wife baffled”(3)
The Lantau Agricultural and Fisheries Department refused to help.
- Wikipedia
- Long J. Introduced
Mammals of the World (2003)
- The Star
(Hong Kong) July 29th
1977